The V'Shar - also known as Vulcan Security - was a law enforcement and intelligence gathering agency on the United Federation of Planets member world of Vulcan.
The V'Shar was part of the Vulcan Ministry of Security. Generally the V'Shar did not do much in the way of field work, instead using their technological prowess to gather intelligence data. They often worked closely with Starfleet Intelligence, even though many in the V'Shar thought SI was a bit too heavy handed in their operations and relied too much on emotions to do their jobs instead of cold logic. SI appreciated the way the V'Shar agents could uncover useful information from mountains of raw data, but joint ventures often did not work as well as hoped. SI was happy to receive information the V'Shar uncovered and shared intelligence on a regular basis with the V'Shar.
During the 2370s the agency was led by Minister Satok. Vulcan Isolationist Movember (VIM) member T'Paal, who had posed as a Romulan mercenary named Tallera realized that the man who called himself Galen was not who he appeared to be, and confronted him in the cargo hold of the raider ship they were on. Realizing that she would not get Picard to cooperate with her, she then told Picard her real name was T'Paal and that she was a member of the V'Shar, tracking the extremist VIMs as they sought to reassemble the ancient psionic weapon called the Stone of Gol.
Prior to arranging for the captured Commander William Riker to escape back to the Enterprise, Picard informed Riker that the woman calling herself Tallera was a member of the V'Shar. Once back on board the Enterprise, Riker reached out to V'Shar headquarters to let them know that a raider ship with one of their agents was on its way to Vulcan and that the Enterprise was also en route to help handle the situation. Satok realized they had a problem as they did not have any agents working on raider ships at the time.
Meanwhile, Picard had figured out for himself that something was not quite right with T'Paal's story, and tried to get her to leave some of the payment behind on the grounds that the VIM would not risk losing the Stone of Gol because of the way payment was made. T'Paal then took Picard as a hostage and beamed down with him and a couple of the raiders to the T'Karath sanctuary. There T'Paal was able to reassemble the weapon and use it to kill her fellow raiders, but it proved ineffective against Picard and the Enterprise crew because all of them emptied their minds of the violent thoughts that killed the raiders.
Unable to get the resonator to kill Picard and his people, T'Paal surrendered. Satok subsequently took the surviving raiders into custody and impounded their vessel. Picard figured it would be some time before anyone heard from the raiders as a number of states in and outside the Federation had legal bones to pick with the raiders. The V'Shar also took possession of the Stone of Gol. Realizing it was too dangerous to allow any part of the weapon to survive, Satok informed Picard the V'Shar would destroy the weapon. Even though he recognized that it would be of great archeological value, Picard agreed with the destruction of the weapon as it was too dangerous and should be left in the past.